Lubrication is the top priority of the daily management of machinery and equipment. Equipment lubrication is an effective way to reduce equipment wear, improve equipment operation efficiency, and save materials and energy. However, in actual work, many companies do not pay enough attention to this issue, and even have many misunderstandings, which eventually lead to certain economic losses. Someone might say that I have operated the factory in this way for more than ten years and repaired many equipment, and there has never been a major problem. However, scientific management can effectively improve equipment efficiency, reduce maintenance costs, and improve economic benefits. For equipment lubrication, understanding and avoiding these common misunderstandings will make daily maintenance work twice the result with half the effort. Below are the misunderstandings of equipment lubrication, how many have you been shot?

5 major misunderstandings of equipment lubrication

1) Equipment lubrication is oiling

Many enterprise equipment managers think that adding oil to the oil tanks and bearings of the equipment is enough. Equipment failure has nothing to do with the oil, so it does not matter what oil is used. As a result, mechanical oil is used in both the gear box and the bearing box, and "butter" is added to the bearings.

Lubrication is not as simple as just adding oil. It is a science that comprehensively uses basic theories such as fluid mechanics, solid mechanics, materials science, applied mathematics, and physical chemistry to study the principles of lubrication, lubricating materials and lubrication methods, and control harmful friction and wear. , Refueling is only one part of lubrication.

2) The more lubricating oil, the better

This is not the case. Simply put, the purpose of equipment lubrication is to form a thin oil film on the two friction surfaces to avoid direct contact between the friction surfaces, thereby reducing wear.

However, considering some side effects of adding lubricating oil, it is necessary to strictly control the amount of oil added. For example, in a reducer, in order to reduce the resistance of the gear movement and the temperature rise of the oil, the depth of the gear immersed in the oil is 1 to 2 teeth height. It is advisable to add less fuel for high speed.

After the lubricating oil is added to the bearing, the heat generated during the distribution process is greater than the heat dissipated, and the bearing temperature rises. If the grease is overfilled, the resistance will increase when the bearing rotates and it will be difficult to dissipate heat, which will cause the bearing's operating temperature to be high. At the same time, the high operating temperature of the grease will shorten its service life. Care must be taken not to fill the bearing chamber completely, generally as long as 1/3 to 2/3 of the cavity is filled.

3) Lubricating oil can be used interchangeably

The choice of lubricating oil depends on the working conditions of the machine, the working environment, the specific characteristics of the friction surface and the different lubrication methods, and the type and brand of the lubricating oil selected are different.

For equipment with high speed and strong ability to form an oil wedge, lubricating oil with low viscosity should be selected; when the load per unit area of ​​the friction surface of the equipment is large, lubricating oil with high viscosity and good oiliness should be selected.

When the working environment temperature of the equipment is high, lubricating oil with higher viscosity, higher flash point, better oiliness, and stronger stability or grease with higher dropping point should be used.

The smaller the gap between the friction surfaces of the equipment, the lower the viscosity of the lubricating oil should be; the rougher the friction surface, the greater the viscosity of the lubricating oil should be, and the smaller the working taper should be if the lubricating grease is selected; the oil temperature is higher in pressure cycle lubrication , Lubricating oil with higher viscosity should be used.

Lubricants for different equipment are selected strictly according to the above principles and experimental results. Under normal circumstances, it cannot be replaced. If it is replaced arbitrarily, it will destroy the lubrication environment of the equipment, cause the equipment to be worn and cause economic losses.

4) There is no harm in using mixed lubricants

Lubricants are refined petroleum products extracted from petroleum. Different types and brands of lubricants contain different ingredients and their proportions.

Generally speaking, lubricants should not be mixed. In order to improve the physical and chemical properties of lubricating oil, a certain amount of additives must be added to the lubricating oil.

The additives of various lubricating oils are different. There are antioxidants, tackifiers, oily additives and extreme pressure additives. Mixing different types and different brands of lubricating oils may cause chemical reactions in the oil additives. , Thereby losing the role of additives, impairing the lubricating oil's due effect.

5) Frequent oil change of the equipment does not cause serious problems

Blindly changing oil on the ground is not only a waste, but also easy to hide equipment failures. Whether the lubricating oil loses its use value during use can be identified from the following aspects.

(1) Viscosity inspection

Usually, the lubricating oil used by the equipment and the lubricating oil of standard viscosity used by the equipment are tested by the comparison method to determine whether the oil needs to be changed.

(2) Inspection of moisture

Dip clean, dry cotton yarn in the oil to be inspected and ignite it with fire. If there is water in the oil, explosions and flashes will occur.

(3) Inspection of mechanical impurities

The lubricating oil with low viscosity can be directly injected into the test tube, and then be observed statically after a little heating. Oil with high viscosity can be diluted 5 to 10 times with clean gasoline. Observe according to the above method to determine whether the oil needs to be changed.

(4) Identification of whether oxidative deterioration has occurred

To judge whether the lubricating oil has been severely oxidized and deteriorated, you can take the sedimentary sludge at the bottom of the fuel tank and place it between the index finger and the thumb to rub against each other. If you feel that the lubricating oil has a lot of glue and strong adhesion, it means that the tested lubricating oil has been seriously oxidized For deterioration, use the above method to determine whether the oil needs to be changed.

(5) Whether there is a change in properties and whether there are impurities

In the process of equipment maintenance, the quality of lubricating grease is mainly determined by whether there is any change in properties and whether it is mixed with impurities, and then it can be judged whether the oil needs to be changed.

(6) Leakage must exist for equipment lubrication

Equipment leakage refers to an abnormal phenomenon that does not allow leakage or exceeds the amount of leakage specified in the technical conditions. Severe oil leakage not only causes oil shortage or oil cut accidents, which affects the smooth progress of production, but also pollutes the surrounding environment. This damages the environment and wastes lubricating oil.

Lubricating oil is used for equipment lubrication, but it brings the contradiction of oil leakage. However, people are not at a loss for equipment oil leakage, and there are many ways and ways to prevent leakage. This requires the operator to pay enough attention to it, if the technology is passed, it is still possible to achieve both equipment lubrication and leakage prevention.

Reasonable suggestions for equipment lubrication

1) Formulate a reasonable lubrication system and equipment lubrication work standards.

2) High-performance lubricating oil should be used for equipment lubrication.

Using high-performance lubricating oil, although the price is higher, but can effectively reduce the number of equipment maintenance in actual use.

3) For the original equipment lubrication design, dare to innovate and improve reasonably.

Regular oil change management is simple, but the cost is higher. Changing oil according to its quality requires regular oil quality monitoring. The management is more complicated, but the waste caused by premature oil change can be avoided. It conforms to the principle of reasonable lubrication. Especially after switching to high-quality oil, its life cycle is longer than that of low-grade oil. Many times longer.

4) Use multi-grade lubricating oil to reduce wear.

5) Promotion and use of solid lubricants.

In actual operation, powder and thin film are used to reduce the wear between gears, which is called solid lubrication. A typical example of solid lubrication is the inlaid bearing, which has the advantages of long service life, high temperature resistance, and no pollution, and it is not necessary to add lubricating oil in actual operation.

Equipment lubrication is an indispensable part of the daily maintenance of mechanical equipment. A correct understanding of equipment lubrication and reasonable and scientific lubrication can ensure the normal and safe operation of equipment and effectively improve production and economic benefits.